WRITING SKILLS CLASS -11 NCERT ENGLISH - NOTE MAKING, SUMMARIZING,POSTER MAKING, ADVERTISEMENTS, SPEECH & DEBATE WRITING
Topics – Class - XI – English Core For session 2023-24
1. Note Making- 5 Marks
2. Summarizing - 3 Marks
3. Poster making- 3 Marks
4. Classified Advertisements-3 Marks
5. Speech writing - 5 Marks
6. Debate writing- 5 Marks
NOTE MAKING
Tips to prepare Notes:
1. Prepare notes using phrases only, never use complete sentences
2. The topic sentence of each paragraph is the main point and ideas affiliated to it are Sub points- one or more, depending on the concepts in the paragraph.
3. Each sub-point may or may not have supplementary ideas which become sub-sub points.
4. Provide an appropriate title for the notes or the summary or abstract, as given in the question.
5. Include a minimum of 4-6 distinctly different recognizable short forms i.e. abbreviations of the words in the notes.
6. Cover all the important points in the notes meaningfully to prepare the abstract/summary in about 80-100 words.
7. Write the summary or abstract in complete sentences in a paragraph.
INDENTATION OF NOTES
All similar level points should maintain the same distance from the margin.
Left hand margin heading
Ø Write the heading/title in block letters.
Ø Underline the heading/title.
Ø Do not give a one-word title.
For Example, the title of a passage on “Darwinism” could be Need For Universal
Darwinism
A. Main Point
1. Sub-points
1.1 Follow the indented format
1.2 Don’t write complete sentences
1.3 Use abbreviations and symbols where required.
1.4 Notes should not be very long.
1.5 …………………………..
1.5.1 Sub-sub-sub point
1.5.2 Sub-sub-sub-point
2. Sub-point
2.1 Sub-sub point
2.2 Sub-sub point
B. Main point …..
KINDS OF FORMATS
Different kinds of formats may be used, depending on the theme of the passage.
FORMAT I
Mixed Indent with Examples
A. Reasons
1. can’t remember much information’ without writing
2. help mem – exams
3. can consult
B. Characteristics
1. short
2. main pts only
3. note form
(i) no complete sent
(ii) divs and sub-divs
(iii) use of abbreviation and symbols
4. understandable
FORMAT II
Indented Roman Numerals
A. Reasons
i. can’t discover information without knowing
ii. help remember- points through notes
iii. can consult
B. Characteristics
I. Short
II. Main points only
III. Note form
(i) No complete sentences
(ii) divs and sub-divs
(iii) use of abbreviation and symbols
IV. understandable
FORMAT III
Indented Decimals
A. Reasons
1.1 can’t remember much information without writing
1.2 help mem-exams
1.3 can consult
B. Characteristics
2.1 short
2.2 main points only
2.3 note form
2.3.1 No complete sentences
2.3.2 divs and sub-divs
2.3.3 use of abbreviation and symbols
2.4 understandable
Abbreviations Words
Abbr abbreviation
avt aviation
fmly family
pnt point
engr engineer
ABBREVIATIONS
Use standard abbreviation and symbols as far as practicable
a. First letters of names must be capitalized.
e.g., USA, Darwin, Mumbai etc.
b. Common abbreviations should be used.
e.g., sc for science, Mr, Mrs, Dr, Govt, etc.
c. Common symbols should be used.
e.g., +ve, -ve, -(approaches), (rising), (falling).
=(equal), = (equivalent), etc.
d. Figures should be used in measurements.
e.g., 100kg, 1000mm, 100ml, 100’, 10” etc.
e. When making your own abbreviations, try to keep the main sounds of the word.
e.g., edn for education, ddvlpt for development
f. Retain the suffix, so that when you are going over the notes later, you may
understand the full form of the abbreviation.
e.g., ednl (educational), progve(progressive).
g. As a general rule, headings should not be abbreviated. You can use
abbreviations in main points, sub-points etc.
h. Ideally, you do not require more than 4-5 words to be abbreviated in a passage
besides the common abbreviations.
Some Common Abbreviations
HOW TO SUMMARIZE A GIVEN PASSAGE
Ø Read (First Read) Read the passage very carefully and critically. Read the passage straight through. Do not stop to look up anything that gives you trouble at the first reading.You should get a feel for the author’s tone, style and main idea.
Ø Reread (Second Read) Rereading should be active reading. Underline the topic sentences and key facts with pencil.
Ø Label the areas that you want to refer to as you write your summary. Also label the areas that you find irrelevant. Identify areas that you do not understand and try to clarify those points.
Ø One Sentence at a time Now write the main idea of each paragraph in one well developed sentence. Make sure that what include in your sentence are key points, not minor details.
Ø Write a Thesis Statement The key to a well-written summary is the Thesis Statement. A quality Thesis Statement could either express one main idea or assert your conclusions about the subject.
Ø Generally, a thesis statement consists of the following parts
Ø a clearly identifiable topic or subject matter, and
Ø a succinct summary of what you have to say about that topic.
Ø Ready to Write You can use Thesis Statement as the introductory sentence of your summary, while your other sentences can make up the body.
In fact, a good summary should give ideas, facts or points in the order in which they are given in the original text.
Add some transition words such as then, however, also, moreover etc, that help with the overall structure and flow of the summary.
The following tips will help you to write a good summary
i) Write in the present tense (preferably in active voice).
ii) Be Concise summary should be within the words limit (about 80 words) and should be coherent without any errors in logic. Don’t put your opinions, ideas or interpretations into the summary.
Check for Accuracy Reread your summary and make sure that you have accurately represented the author’s ideas and key points. Make sure that your summary does not contain your own comments.
Revise Revise your summary for style, grammar and punctuation. Correct all the errors in composition and rewrite it if needed.
PASSAGE 1
DISCURSIVE PASSAGE
1. On a serious level, when was the last time you remember keeping your emotions solely to yourself, when a disaster struck? Or was averted? Agreed, humans are social beings who need feedback based on their social interactions. But, in today’s times, where people-men and women alike-thrive on social approval, it feels like your happiness is on a leash depend on social media, or society at large. A person could possibly go to any extent to seek attention. Lying, cheating, manipulating, constantly blabbing or being intentionally silent, are
all a part of the process to be the centre of attention. Everyone want to be liked and be popular. Attention gives a pleasurable high and does wonderful thing to one’s ego and self-worth It is when to seeking exceeds normalcy that the trouble begins. Both too much of attention and the lack of it are obvious signs of trouble.
2. Also known as Histrionic Personality Disorder, attention-seeking is an attempt to desperately attract the attention of other people, typically by disruptive or excessively extrovert behavior. To find an attention-seeker around you, look for someone who says, “I want to kill myself,” after a mere bad day at work, or simply throws a tantrum for not being given enough time. Taking on the role of a victim or a damsel-in-distress is a typical trait of an attention-seeker. Simply put, attention-seekers are the drama queens we come across frequently in our life. According to clinical psychiatrist, Dr Harish Shetty, from Hiranandani Hospital, Mumbai, “Attention-seeking is not exactly a disorder. We all want approval in some way or the other from the people we are around with. It massages our ego and therefore, has a feel-good factor to it. Seeking approval enhances our identity.” He explains how attention seeking ,if casual, can be encouraging, “but once out of control, if the persons’ obsession set sin, the trouble that follows ruins a person’s relationships and eventually their peace of mind.”
3. Attention-seeking generally happens in a large magnitude to people who blame others. The blaming is a type of coping mechanism the attention-mongers feel is essential to justify the mistakes they refuse to own up to. Dr. Shetty elaborates, “People who are narcissistic will seek attention in a larger than life manner like dramatizing even the smallest of things that happens to them. Also, adults who have been spoilt as children will have a lesser sense of responsibility towards other as well as themselves, so are more likely to be narcissistic.” This behaviour can be seen in adults who have had an unpleasant past, i.e. they have been ignored, neglected bullied, or abused in may way before. They gradually start becoming addicted to it. They think making up for all the years of unfairness they have faced as a child is best done by seeking attention. They pre-teen years are extremely significant as they mould the child he or she is to become when they fully grow up. Frustration, anger, and disturbing relationships ensue if there is an excess of this behavior. The person can also grow to be extremely anxious and develop an nervous anxiety. Dr. Shetty adds, “Mostly seen in kids, this behavior generally tends to die out with age. But as adults, people suffering from a terminal illness, ones who have faced a huge loss in business, break-ups or divorces, also portrary such behavior. If not handled with maturity, it worsens. But, when someone faces a challenge, they think they are incapable of handling, it can amplify uneasiness in them and they resort to playing the victim all the time. A lot of other causes, however are varied and highly subjective.”
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary – minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. 5
TITLE : YOUR ATTENTION PLEASE
NOTES
1. Crave Attentn.
1.1 keeping your emotions
1.2 need feedback on social interactn.
1.3 thrive social approval
2. Extent to Seek Attentn.
2.1 lyng.
2.2 cheatng.
2.3 manpul.
2.4 constantly blabbng. or being intentionally silent
3. What exactly is attentn. seeking?
3.1 attempt to desperately attract the attentn.
3.2 person’s obsession sets in
3.3 want approval in some way or the other
3.4 massages our ego, has a feel good factor
4. Once out of control
4.1 ruins a person’s relationship and peace of mind
4.2 person grows anxious
5. Why it happens?
5.1 blame others
5.2 likely to be narcissistic
5.3 had an unpleasant past
Key to Abbreviation
1. attentn. - attention
2. interactn. - interaction
3. lyng. - lying
4. cheating. - cheating
5. manpul. - manipulating
6. & - and
7. blabbng. - blabbing
(b) Write a summary of the above passage in about 80 words. 3
Everyone wants to be liked and be popular. Attention gives a pleasurable high and does a wonderful thing to one’s ego and self-worth. It is when the seeking exceeds normally that the trouble begins. Both too much of attention and the lack of it are obvious signs of trouble. Also known as Histrionic Personality Disorder, it attracts the attention of other people, typically by disruptive or excessively extrovert behaviour. But once out of control, if the person’s obsession sets in, the trouble that follows ruins a person’s relationships and eventually their peace of mind. This behaviour can be seen in adults who have had led an unpleasant past i.e.
they have been ignored, neglected, bullied or abused in many ways before. If not handled with maturity, it worsens. Instead of ridiculing the person, they should be sympathized with and treated with compassion.
PASSAGE 2
FACTUAL PASSAGE
Read the passage carefully.
1. Pre- colonial history of Bengal is closely linked with the emergence, growth and decline of Murshidabad. It has governed all the proceedings of the 18th century eastern India and provided the platform from which the colonial interests had launched themselves and subsequently became an imperial power in 1857.
2. It is quite obvious that such a socio- political stage has enormous potential to engage any visitor from far and wide through its myriad cultural landscape. A seat of power of such a scale attracts lot of wealth, creativity and activity. For example the annual revenue of Bengal paid to the Mughal Emperor amounts to One Crore Sicca Taka-in early seventeenth century was an unbelievable amount. In a cunning strategy move, Murshidkuli Khan shifted the administrative power centre of Bengal to the Bank of Bhagirathi- the prime life force of North India and almost in the geographic centre of the province in 1701.
3. One primary policy decision triggered series of subsequent events. Sensing the potential for enhanced financial opportunity, trading community from 'Nagore' town in the Rajput State of Jodhpur migrated to Bengal. They settled in the areas of Mahimapur, Jyaganj and Azimganj and got themselves known as 'Shaherwali Community'. Over the years the accumulated enormous wealth and became an important factor governing the economy of Bengal. Mughal Emperor acknowledged their importance and had conferred the title 'Jagat Seth' (cashier of the world). Jainism spread rapidly with the prosperity of the community in the localities of Azimganj, Jiyaganj and Katgola. While Murshidabad was being built according to the Muslim traditions, Hindu philosophies governed the development of the Jiyaganj, Azimganj.
4. In fact four of the important Jain Tirths in Bengal, three lies at Azimganj- Shree Chintamoni Parswanath Bhagwan, Jiyaganj- Shree Sambhavnath Bhagwan, Katgola-Shree Adinath Bhagwan.
5. The large havellis, mansions, palaces, gardens lay neglected and weathered. It draws today certain amount of History, cultural enthusiast and that too on a day visit. Whereas its enormous potential for cultural tourism and pilgrimage remained unexplored. Its old trade links and networks also lay dormant for the want of sponsors.
6. The circuit of Mushidabad-Jiyaganj-Azimganj is just waiting for the right kind of initiative and public support for its revitalization. Cultural tourism appears to be the right catalyst to trigger such an initiative.
7. No tourism initiative is sustainable unless it gains the support of its local community. Community initiatives are best when it rides on the pride for themselves and have a deep rooted attachment for the place. Fortunately the Shaherwali Community have a very strong social network bonded by the common religion of Jainism. They are very proud of their legacy and command large parcels of land Heritage buildings, artefacts and are quite committed for its restoration. Being mainly a trader's community they value their assets and understand the need for its conservation. To them assistance of any kind is important and they also realises that unless they obtain public support their individual effort is not sustainable.
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary – minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. 5
TITLE: Bengal- Heritage Unparalleled
NOTES
I. Emergence, Growth and Decline of Murshidabad
1. Imperial power proceedings
1.1 govrnd the proceedngs of the 18th century
2. Enormous otential
2.1 through its myriad cultural landscape
2.2 power attracts wealth, creativity and activity
3. Cunning strategical move
3.1.Murshidkuli Khan shifted power to Bank of Bhagirathi.
II. Sensing Potential for enhance
1. Financial & trading opportunities
1.1 attracts tradng community
1.2 Nagore town
III. Spread of Jainism
1. Shaherwali Community
1.1 strong social network
1.2 proud of legacy
1.3 enormous potential for cultural tourism and pilgrimage
1.4 deep rooted and attchmt.
2. Proud of legacy
2.1 heritage buildng.
2.2 artefacts
2.3 quite committed for restoration
3. Need of consvrtn.
3.1 obtain public support
3.2 individual effort not sustainable
Key to Abbreviation
1. proceedngs - proceedings
2. govrnd - governed
3. enhancemnt - enhancement
4. attachment - attachment
5. restoratn - restoration
6. buildng. - building
7. & - and
8. Consvrtn - conservation
(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. 3
Pre-colonial history of Bengal is closely linked with the emergence, growth and decline of Murshidabad. It is quite obvious that such a socio- political stage has enormous potential. In a cunning strategical move Murshidkuli Khan shifted the administrative power centre from Bengal to Bank of Bhagirathi. Over the years they accumulated enormous wealth and became an important factor governing the economy of Bengal. Mughal Emperor acknowledged their importance. Jainism spread rapidly with the prosperity of the community. Its enormous potential for cultural tourism and pilgrimage remained unexplored. Fortunately the Shaherwali Community have a strong social network bonded by the common religion of Jainism. Being mainly a trader's community they value the assets and understand the need for its conservation with public support.
PASSAGE 3
FACTUAL PASSAGE
Read the passage carefully.
1. A vast blanket of pollution stretching across South Asia is cutting down sunlight by 10 percent over India, damaging agriculture, modifying rainfall patterns and putting hundreds of thousands of people at risk, according to a new study.
2. The startling findings of scientists working with the United Nations Environment Programme indicate that the spectacular economic growth seen in this part of the world in the past decade may soon falter as a result of this pollution.
3. Research carried out in India indicates that the haze caused by pollution might be reducing winter rice harvests by as much as 10 percent, the report said.
4. “Acids in the haze may be falling as acid rain, have the potential to damage crops and trees. Ash falling on leaves can aggravate the impact of reduced sunlight on earth’s surface. The pollution that is forming the haze could be leading to several hundreds of thousands of premature deaths as a result of higher levels of respiratory diseases,” it said. Results from seven cities in India alone, including Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Kolkata, estimate that air pollution was annually responsible for 24,000 premature deaths in the early 1990s. By the mid-1990s they resulted in an estimated 37,000 premature fatalities.
5. “The haze has cut down sunlight over India by 10 percent (so far)—a huge amount! As a repercussion, the North West of India is drying up,” Prof. V. Ramanathan said, when asked specifically about the impact of the haze over India. Stating that sunlight was going down every year, he said, “We are still in the early stage of understanding of the impact of the haze.”
6. Asked whether the current drought in most parts of India after over a decade of good monsoon was owing to the haze, he said, “ It was too early to reach a conclusion. If the drought persists for about four to five years, then we should start suspecting that it may be because of the haze.”
7. India, China and Indonesia are the worst affected owing to their population density, economic growth and depleting forest cover. The preliminary results indicate the buildup of haze, a mass of ash, acid, aerosols and other particles is disrupting weather systems, including rainfall and wind patterns and triggering droughts in western parts of the Asian Continent. The concern is that the regional and global impacts of the haze are set to intensify over the next 30 years as the population of the Asian region rises to an estimated five billion people.
Key to Abbreviations
S - South
% - percent
UNEP - United Nations Environment Programme
Eco. - economic
N.W. - North- West
& - and
W - West
- because
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary – minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. 5
Title: Global Impact of Pollution
NOTES
1. Effects of pollution is S.E. Asia
1.1 cutting 10% sunlight over India
1.2 damaging agriculture
1.3 modifying rainfall pattern
1.4 many people at risk
2. Revelations of UNEP
2.1 eco. growth may falter of pollution
2.2 haze van cause premature deaths
2.3 acid rain can damage crops & trees
3. Impact of haze over India
3.1 rise in respiratory diseases
3.2 has cut down sunlight over India by 10%
3.3 N.W. India is drying up
4. Impact on India, China & Indonesia
4.1 worst affected of height density of population
4.2 affecting eco. growth
4.3 depleting forest cover
5. Its results
5.1 weather systems can be disrupted
5.2 wind patterns will be disturbed
5.3 can trigger droughts in W.Asian continent
-52-
(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. 3
The harmful effect of pollution can be seen across South Asia. This is most likely to falter the spectacular economic growth. The presence of acids in the haze can reduce winter harvest by ten percent. The pollution forming the haze can led to many premature deaths and has also cut down the sunlight over India by ten percent. The droughts in India could also be because of the haze . The worst affected countries are India, China and Indonesia because of their population density , economic growth and depleting forest cover. The main concern is that the regional and global impacts of haze are said to intensify over the next thirty years due to increase in population by five billion.
Poster Making
✅ A poster is a very useful means of making an announcement or appeal, issuing a notice, advertising a product or bringing about awareness on any issue of public interest. A poster should be visually attractive and readable from a distance. They are extensively used by NGOs, political parties, government departments, etc.
✅ Posters can be informative, motivational, awareness-based, or even promotional. They are often displayed in public places like schools, streets, community centers, etc., and must be visually appealing, concise, and purpose-driven.
✅ A poster in its most basic form, is a temporary promotion of an idea, product, or event put up in a public space for mass consumption. Typically, posters include both textual and graphic elements although they may also be
wholly graphical or wholly textual.
USES
Posters are designed to be both eye-catching and informative. They may be used for many purposes. Posters can also serve the purpose of notices, advertisements and invitations. They are a common tool for advertisers (particularly for events, music concerts and films), propagandists, protestors and other groups trying to communicate a message. A poster primarily aims to educate and create awareness. It thus needs to be informative
KeY FEATURES
✅ 1. Layout
* Make it visually appealing and eye-catching.
* Include Title, Slogan, Tagline, Proverb, Jingle, Short verse or Quotations.
* Use Illustrations using Clip Art, Stick figures or Beautiful Drawings.
* Play with fonts and its sizes.
* Avoid cluttering and ensure that it is enclosed in a box.
✅ 2. Contents
* Follow the theme of the poster and mention the details accordingly.
* Avoid writing sentences.
* Write key points in bullets.
* Mention details such as date, time, venue (in case of an event).
* Write the name of the issuing authority.
✅ 3.Expression
* Organised and sequenced content.
* Avoid overwriting and grammatical errors.
* Message must be evident with persuasive tone.
✅ 4. Illustrations/Visual Appeal
* Can include drawings, logos, or symbols (especially in competitions)
* Not compulsory in CBSE written exam, but visual layout matters
✅ 5. FORMAT
The format of a typical poster should be similar to the one given below and should be enclosed in a box
* Theme / Topic / Event / Name of the organisers, etc.
* Purpose for the same.
* Catchy slogans, clip arts, tagline and captions.
* Date, time, venue (in case of an event)
* A message of appeal / awareness / warning / invitation, etc.
* Any additional information / solution to the problem.
* Highlights / Entry Tickets / Special offers (in case of an event)
* Name / Address of the issuing Authority.
Tips for Poster Making
- It should not strictly exceed the prescribed word limit of 50 words.
- It should be in a box.
- Make sure you double check for grammatical accuracy and spellings. They carry marks.
- Make sure it fits within one page only.
- Use sharpened pencils.
- Bold or underline important information.
- No usage of short forms or slangs. It is not acceptable.
- Don’t exceed the prescribed word limit.
EXAMPLES
NAME OF ISSUING AUTHORITY ILLUSTRATION (WITH A CAPTION) WHEN (date and time) AND WHERE CONTACT INFORMATION |
ISSUING AUTHORITY– By whom or by which organisation the poster is being published.
TAGLINE OF THE EVENT– it has to be in accordance with the question. A catchy tagline for the occasion. It should be clearly visible. Thus, it can be bold, underlined or in capitals.
TITLE OF THE EVENT- it should be short and as per the question.
SPECIAL ATTRACTIONS– This is optional. For example:- Guest speaker, etc.
ILLUSTRATION- It involves pictorial representation. For eg., a drop of blood for a blood donation camp.
DATE, TIME AND VENUE- It is very important to mention date, time and venue of the event. It is a point you cannot risk forgetting.
CONTACT INFORMATION– In case of any queries, the targeted audience should have someone to contact to.
OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATION– If there is any other information mentioned in the question and is supposed to be there in the poster, it is important you mention it.
Examples-Solved
Q1. You are the school captain at Holy Heart school, Vasant Nagar Lucknow. Your school is organising a two-day fete and blood donation camp. Prepare a poster for the same, including all essential details.
Ans.
Q2. You are a member of the social awareness team of your school and you have to participate in an awareness drive regarding the importance of water. Prepare a poster highlighting the importance and ways of rainwater harvesting that can be implemented by the residents of the area.
Ans.
Q3. Design a poster on the theme of “Climate change and the world in 2050”.
Ans.
Q4. Your school is celebrating Science week. Prepare a poster to create awareness regarding the importance of science in our daily lives.
Ans.
Q5. You are the Secretary of the local legal help unit of Janshakti. Prepare a poster to be put up outside the office, creating awareness and inviting residents to the legal awareness camp being organised at the unit. Include necessary details about the event.
Ans.
Unsolved Examples:
Q1. Prepare a poster in not more than 50 words on kindness to animals to be displayed in the city at public places appealing to people to show kindness to animals. You are Secretary of the Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals-"KARUNA" , Vasant Kunj.
Q3. You are a fitness trainer in a School. Design a poster in not more than 50 words, to be put up on the School notice board, to emphasise the importance of yoga in maintaining mental and physical fitness. You are Vaibhav / Vishali.
Q4. You are Simar / Smriti of Delhi Public School, Jodhpur. Your school is organizing a workshop on “Prevention of Drug Abuse‟ in the coming week. Prepare a poster with complete information for the students of class X-XII.
Q5. You are the President of Dhanvantari Health Club which is organising a health conclave focusing on women’s health. Draft a poster creating awareness about the event.
ADVERTISEMENT
The word advertisement means a public notice or an announcement asking for or offering services, advertising goods for buying or selling (property, household goods, vehicles) etc. Advertisements are also used for giving information about missing persons, pets, goods and so on. The written draft of an advertisement is termed as copy. Advertisement is a very important tool for promotion of sales and services
Advertisements are of two types :
1. Classified Advertisements
2. Commercial or Display Advertisements
Classified Advertisement
Classified advertisements can be found in the columns of newspapers and magazines. Important features of a Classified Advertisement are:
Ø ✅No blocks, no design and the language used should be factual.
Ø ✅Simple, formal and to the point.
Ø ✅Comprehensive, yet must not leave any important matter.
Ø ✅Never be too lengthy (confine to the word limit).
TIPS FOR DRAFTING CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS
Ø ✅Advertisements should always be drafted in such a way that they attract the readers to go through them.
Ø ✅Advertisements should always be meaningful and interesting so that they can attract the attention of the readers.
Ø ✅Advertisements should always be simple and effective language.
Ø ✅Advertisements should always be brief and to the point.
Ø ✅The name of the advertiser and the advertised product should be properly highlighted.
NOTE:- To develop expertise in drafting advertisements, students are advised to read classified advertisement column of leading newspapers.
Marking Scheme:
Format: Suitable heading/classification e.g., Situations Vacant.
Content: Subject matter including contact address, phone number.
Expression: Grammatical accuracy, spelling, suitable style.
There is penalty of marks for exceeding the word limit.
Classified Advertisements
Ø Clearly state the category at the top, e.g., 'For Sale', 'To Let', etc.
Ø Give all necessary details in points using commas.
Ø Give contact address, name and telephone number.
Ø Put the matter in a box.
Kinds of Classified Advertisements
1. Situation Vacant
2. Lost and found
3. Sale and Purchase
4. Accommodation Wanted
5. Educational
6. Placement services
7. Matrimonial
8. To Let
9. Tuitions
10. Packers and Movers
11. Kennel
12. Travels and Tours
1. Situation Vacant
Ø Begin with ‘Wanted’ or ‘Required’
Ø Name of the company, post and no. of vacancies
Ø Age and sex of the candidate
Ø Qualification and experience
Ø Other details
Ø Pay scale and perks
Ø Mode of applying
Ø Contact address and phone no.
SITUATION VACANT Wanted a smart, confident PA/Stenographer for a leading export house. Qualification graduate, age 25-30 yrs, typing speed 40 w.p.m. Preference to those who can handle computer. Salary negotiable. Apply with complete Bio-data upto 15-12-2019 to Secretary, Orient Export House, M. H. Nagar, Chennai – 670001
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2. Matrimonial
Ø Mention groom / bridge groom
Ø Height, age, caste, religion, complexion, educational qualifications
Ø Phone number / Post Box no. and name of newspaper.
Bridegroom Wanted Alliance invited for Ramgarhia, Sikh Girl 29/165, M. A. English, tall, fair & beautiful. Caste no bar. Send recent photo & biodata. Ph. 0497 – 2788330. Box No. 1015 – The Indian Express COCHIN – 650337
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3. Lost and Found
Ø Begin with ‘Lost ’ or ‘Found’
Ø Specify item.
Ø Brief physical description.
Ø When / where lost or found.
Ø Reward if any
Ø Contact address and phone no.
Lost and Found Lost a black coloured VIP suitcase model no 555, 38 x 30 contain important documents related marketing, left in bus no. DL-p 6778 on Delhi to Jaipur route on 10th August 2019. Kindly contact Purmal Singh Ph No. 9419284539
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4. For Sale
Ø For sale/purchase etc
Ø Type of accommodation / vehicle /article / household items.
Ø Brief physical description
Ø Contact address & phone number.
Car for Sale For sale Maruti 800 DX, 2000, white, sparingly used, scratch less, self driven, stereo-fitted, beautiful upholstery, excellent condition, no expense, rate Negotiable. Contact Amit Sharma , 25677900
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5. To Let
Ø Begin with ‘Wanted’ or ‘Available’
Ø Type of accommodation
Ø Brief description
Ø Rent expected
Ø Contact address & phone no.
To Let Available on rent Anand Vihar Colony First Floor 2/3 bedroom, well furnished and ventilated, facing Park, car Parking, walking distance from main market. Reasonable rent. Contact. H. R. Meena 1A /23, Anand Vihar 278810017
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6. Missing person/pet animals
Ø Begin with ‘Missing’
Ø Brief physical description;
Ø For person- name, age, height complexion, built, clothes and other identifying features
Ø For pet-name, age, colour of fur and other identifying feature
Ø Since when/ from where missing
Ø Reward
Ø Contact address and phone no.
Missing Person Missing a boy, Santosh Kumar, 15 years, 5’5”, fair slim built wearing black T-shirt and white pants, since 10th August 2019 from Kota railway station. Finder will be duly rewarded. Inform Kota police station phone no. 0744- 220010 or A.K. Sharma H.B road Kota phone no. 0744-220007. |
7. Travels and Tour
Ø Begin with ‘Package Available’ etc
Ø Name of travel agency
Ø Destination and duration
Ø Details of package-food/ boarding/lodging/sightseeing etc
Ø Cost and discount if any.
Ø Contact address and phone no.
Travel and Tours Attractive package available for Manali and Ooty, 5 nights/4 days, breakfast and dinner, stay at 5 star hotels, sight-seeing included. Rs 10000 per head. Special discount for booking till 10th November 2019. Contact Blue Star Travel and Tours. Chennai. 044-288000555
|
Display Advertisements:
Ø These are designed for commercial purposes.
Ø Require more space, hence are costly. Must be attractive with visuals, catchy phrases and slogans
Main features:
Ø Must be attractive with a catchy caption, heading or sub-headings.
Ø Figurative language (alliteration and metaphors especially).
Ø Proportionate spacing of fonts with different sizes.
Ø Usually attractive with catchy slogans, punch lines, witty expressions, pictures or sketches.
Ø Special offers or discount, if any.
Ø Details of the product or event given in a clear, precise way.
Ø Give name, contact number and address of the advertiser.
Ø Present the matter in a box.
Example:
SALE Hurry ! Up to 50% discount Shoes & slippers Rush----------------------today TATA FOOTWEAR GLORY Market- JAIPUR
|
Unsolved Examples:
Q.1 KV Ambassa in Dhalai requires cricket and hockey coaches. Draft a suitable advertisement in not more than 50 words for the 'Situations Vacant' column of the 'Daily Herald', stating your requirements regarding age, qualification, experience etc. You are the Principal of the school.
Q.2 You plan to sell your flat. Draft a suitable advertisement in not more than 50 words to be inserted in the classified columns of a local daily giving all necessary details of the flat. You are Neeraj/Neeraja, 28, Gopal Nagar, Agartala.
Q.3 You are Dr. Madhu , M.D. You are looking for an independent house in Agartalla on a reasonable rent for your residence-cum-clinic. Draft a suitable advertisement in not more than 50 words to be published in Tripura Times, Tripura. Your telephone no. is12341234.
Q.4 You plan to sell your motorcycle. Daft a suitable advertisement , in not more than 50 words, to be published in the classified columns of 'The Hindustan Times', Delhi. Mention the details of the motorcycle. You are Ramesh of 15, Greater Kailash, New Delhi. Your mobile no. is 2849021624.
Q.5 You want to sell a few (4 items) household items as you are going to abroad. Draft an advertisement in not more than 50 words to be published in 'Dainik Bhaskar' under classified columns. You are Dinesh/Divya of Moti Ganj, Balia.
SPEECH WRITING
Point to be Remembered:
The introduction should not be very lengthy. The main topic should be taken up as quickly as possible. Use concrete terms and tangible examples. Avoid abstract phrases which are quite vague. Use simple and familiar language.
The conclusion plays a very important role in the success of a speech. Give your own conclusion on the topic in a telling manner.
Marking scheme is the same as for the Article.
Write ‘Thank you’ at the end of the speech.
Format:
Heading or Title (Optional) Formal Address Introduction Establishing the context and expression Adverse effects and values Conclusion Formal thanks to audience |
Marking Scheme:
Word Limit : 150-200 words
Marks : 10 Marks Format (Title +Writer's name): 1 Mark
Content: (logical organization, relevance). Credit should be given for the candidate's creativity in presenting his/her own ideas 4 Marks
Expression: 5 Marks. (2 ½ + 2 ½ )
Accuracy, Grammatical, appropriate words & spelling: 2 ½ Marks
+
Fluency, coherence and relevance of ideas and style: 2 ½ Marks
SPEECH
1. You are the Headboy/Headgirl of your school. You decided to make the school population aware of the advantages of tree plantation and tell them how trees can serve as better source of oxygen and fresh air. Prepare a speech you intend to deliver in the morning assembly the next day and write it in your answer sheet using not more than 150-200 words. Take help of the notes.
Notes Trees keep environment cool by : (a) Taking heat of earth and air (b) Absorbing carbon-dioxide that helps in controlling temperature rise (c) Bringing rains (d) Checking direct sunlight (e) Providing shade. |
Advantages of Tree Plantation
Respected Principal madam, teachers and dear friends Today I am speaking to you all on a topic which is really very important for all of us and for the survival of the human race. It is the ‘Importance of Trees’. I am sure that each one of you is aware how important are trees in our life. For example, they take and absorb the heat of the earth. Indeed, they have numerous advantages. Precisely speaking, they absorb the dangerous carbon-dioxide from the atmosphere. They help in controlling the temperature rise.
They bring rains which is ‘life’ for us all. They take the heat off the earth as well as the atmosphere. They provide us shade. They maintain the ecological balance of the earth and provide us with life- giving oxygen. Seeing their enormous benefits we should plant as many trees as possible. The Chipko Movement and Van Mahotsava celebrations highlight the benefits of the trees.
I feel very sad that we have destroyed much of the flora and fauna for meeting our existential needs. But we must replenish the depleting forests by planting more and more trees at every possible inch of the land. Our life depends on trees. We should educate the people about the benefits of growing more trees. This way we can cleanse our environment from the environmental pollution. I am of the opinion that we must take a pledge to plant more andmore trees to make the earth a safe place for our lives and also for the coming generations.
2. You are Jay/Jaya, School Pupil Leader of Shyamala Memorial Hall. Trivandrum. Write a speech in 150-200 words that you would deliver in the school assembly during the Vigilance week on how to eradicate corruption from the private and public life. Eradicating Corruption from both Private and Public Life
Respected Principal madam, teachers and my dear friends
I, Jay/Jaya, am going to speak on how to eradicate poverty from both private and public life. We are celebrating the ‘Vigilance Week’. Why do we celebrate it? Doesn’t the occasion urge the countrymen, particularly the youth, to be vigilant and bold? Why should we be vigilant and against whom? The answer is so simple. The country is gradually sinking in the mire of corruption. Corruption, violence and nepotism have become the indispensable ingredients of India’s private and public life. The environment has become polluted. Honesty, faith and fairness have become outdated and forgotten values. Pragmatism and self-interests have taken the place of principles and ethics in politics and public life. No one seems above board. Right from the men in the ranks to the Prime Minister no one exudes confidence and integrity. The UPA II has been constantly rocked by a series of scams and scandals. The commonwealth Games scandal tarnished India’s name at home and abroad. Then came the 2G scam where thousands of crores were alleged to have been siphoned off in shady deals. The COLGATE scam brought even the PMO in the range of suspicion and doubts. The fate of the opposition-ruled states like Karnataka was not different either. The acts of omissions and corruptions brought the BJP government down and out of power in Karnataka.
The cancer of corruption is eating away the vitals of our public and private life. Let’s take pledge to be vigilant. Let’s not tolerate the corrupts and corruption. It is the duty of students and the youths of today to fight against this cancer. They should take a pledge that they will never give or receive any bribes in public or private life. Let’s be vigilant! Why should be forget that many of us have the right of voting. Let’s exercise this power and elect only honest persons and men of integrity for our legislatures and the parliament. Only a corruption-free India will be a strong and prosperous India.
Q.3 You are Suraj/Sandhya of Gargi Senior Secondary School, Delhi. Games and Sports should be made compulsory in schools. Write a speech for morning assembly on the Importance of Games and Sports in Personality Development in about 150-200 words.
Importance of Games and Sports in Personality Development
Respected Principal madam, teachers and my dear friends,
I, Sandhya, am going to speak on ‘Importance of Games and Sports in Personality Development’. Children living in cities are rarely seen playing outdoors, carried away by other attractions like the televisions and computer games, they miss the joy of outdoor play. Today I would like to talk on the importance of games and sports. In small towns, children are still seen playing hide-n-seek or flying kites but in most of the so called advanced city set-up children playingout in street parks has become a receding sight. There were times when children would go out even in the heat of the afternoon to play and they would not like to return home till late in the evening. Those children were obviously happier and healthier. Outdoor games are very good means to physical exercise which keeps one healthy and active. They make us agile and alert. Playing and running around with friends
makes them happy. There is no scope of loneliness and tension in this joyful group activity. After the day's tiring mental work, an hour or two spent in playing takes off fatigue and refreshes us all over again. Sports also teach us to cultivate in us positive values like sportsman spirit, team work and cooperation which eventually help us in dealing with odds of life.
Playing any sport, be it cricket, hockey , football or tennis or simple "gili-danda" is obviously an exciting activity on the playfield, where children play, fight, agree and disagree and thus develop a healthy, tolerant attitude towards life and world around. Outdoor games are often group activities and they bring about an increase in the number of one's friends which widens one's social circle. Isn't playing outdoors more joyful and enriching in many ways than sitting glued to television or on computers and play some dead games?
Q.4 Power shortage has become a norm even in the metropolitan cities. One way to face this situation is by preventing the wastage of power. Write a speech in 150-200 words on the importance of power in our daily life and how to save power at school and at home. Imagine that you are the Principal of your school.
Ans. Dear Students,
Today I am here to speak on a very important subject i.e., power shortage in our country and how we can save power at school and at home. Electric energy occupies the top grade in energy hierarchy. It finds innumerable uses in home, industry, agriculture and even in transport. No one can undermine the importance of power in our daily life. For our day-to-day smooth living, we need an uninterrupted power supply. But, despite impressive growth in power generation, power shortage still continues and hits our every day existence badly. We, at our level, in our small ways should try to save power. A small change to your lighting, gadgets and proper utilisation of electricity can do a great deal to conserve the electricity. Replacing all the incandescent light bulbs with efficient
CFL/LED bulbs can help in saving the energy. Heaters, coolers, air-conditioners, water heaters, washing machines etc., are the gadgets that should be used very discreetly to savepower. At school, you should see to it that all the fans, lights etc., are turned off while leaving your classrooms and make others also aware of the need not to waste.
Sustaining electricity delivers the double purpose of helping stop the global warming and saving a lot of money. In our day-to-day life we can use the natural lights whenever possible. Today's wastage can be tomorrow's shortage. If you do not think of saving the power today, it can bring dark nights in your life tomorrow. Conservation is important and you can do it if you try. We all can actually play our part to save power in order to have a better and brighter tomorrow.
Unsolved examples:
Q.1 You are Ajay/Anu, Head Boy/Girl of Kendriya Vidyalaya. Yu have seen some students of junior classes littering the school compound and verandahs with tiffins. It makes the school look unclean and untidy. Write a speech in 150-200 words to be delivered in the morning assembly, advising such students to keep the school neat and clean.
Q.2 You are Rajendra Kumar, a social worker. You read an article in The Hindu on ‘Health Care for Indian Workers’. Write a speech in 150-200 words on the importance of health care to be delivered at a public function to create awareness among the workers.
Q.3 Media has a strong hold on society. Write a speech in 150-200 words on how media influences public opinion to be delivered in the school assembly.
Q.4 People in India by and large are very religious. Almost all our school begin their activities with our morning prayer. Write a speech in 150-200 words to be delivered in the assembly on ‘The Importance of Morning Prayer in the life of human being’. You are Ajay/Veena.
Q.5 Hockey is the national game of India. Today it is in name only. Write a speech in 150-200 words asking the students to play hockey. It is inexpensive, more healthy, a short duration and a team game. You are Ajit/Rupa.
DEBATE
Format:
Formal Address Introduction : Against or For the motion Arguments against or for the motion Conclusion Formal thanks |
Marking Scheme:
Word Limit : 150-200 words
Marks : 10 Marks
Format : Formal Address + Formal Thanks 1 Mark
Content: (logical organization, relevance). Credit should be given for the
candidate's creativity in presenting his/her own ideas 4 Marks
Expression: 5 Marks. (2 ½ + 2 ½ )
Accuracy, Grammatical, appropriate words & spelling: 2 ½ Marks
+
Fluency, coherence and relevance of ideas and style: 2 ½ Marks
DEBATE
Q.1 Write a debate in about 150-200 words on the topic ‘Homework should be Abolished’.
HOMEWORK SHOULD BE ABOLISHED
For the Motion
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends
I stand here today to speak for the motion that homework should be abolished. At the very outset I’d like to raise this question – Is that homework to be done by the parents, the tutor, or the already overburdened student ?
In my opinion, homework is rarely done at home. It is most often copied in the bus, in between classes, or these days reproduced over the telephone. I submit, in fact, that homework often becomes such a burden in my families, the parents decide to do it in the speediest and most convenient manner. As a result, older children, private tutors, or even parents themselves set to work completing it. Further, I feel very strongly that homework checks a child’s physical, emotional and social development. It simply programmes students to become competitive. I should like to draw your attention to the fact that this monster – homework – becomes a thing of fear and finally becomes a holiday horror. I fail to understand why my worthy opponent has chosen to support something that consumes so much of the student’s free time and energy, both in term-time and holiday-time.
My final argument is that it is of limited value. The type of homework most often set is dull and mechanical, so as to keep students busy at home as in school. I support the motion that homework should be abolished.
Against the motion
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends
I stand here today to speak against the motion of the topic that ‘Homework should be Abolished’. My knowledgeable opponent has submitted that homework is not a desirable thing. But may I ask how the teacher is to check and assess the work of the student if not through homework?
I strongly oppose the view that homework is done by parents, tutors or other children. On the contrary, if homework is constructive, and stimulating, it becomes such a pleasurable activity. I don’t think that homework checks a child’s growth. Instead, it builds children’s self confidence, and gives them a sense of achievement.
In class, most of the time has to be spent learning from the teacher or working groups. There simply isn’t enough time for the teacher to allow students to work silently and individually. This, I submit, is the great value of homework – that it encourages students to deepen their understanding of topics covered in class, by working quietly and privately on a motivating task. I strongly reject the view that homework has to be dull and mechanical. Instead, homework is usually thought-provoking. It is always interesting, if done in the right spirit. Homework is an essential part of education. It is good for us as it is enjoyable.
Thank you all.
Q.2 Write a debate in about 150-200 words on the topic ‘Capital Punishment has No Place in a Civilized Society’.
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT HAS NO PLACE IN A CIVILIZED SOCIETY
For the Motion
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends
I, Anshu, stand before you to speak for the motion on ‘Capital punishment has no place in a civilized society’. I feel that capital punishment is a sign of uncivilized human behaviour. The sole basis of this argument is that when we can’t give life to any one, what right do we have to take it of others? This means even the state has no right to take away the life of a person.
Capital punishment actually kills a person by inches before it is given. I personally feel that death sentence comes as a relief. I find these arguments hollow and unfortunate. Life, we must know, is precious and it is once-in-a-life opportunity. It must be preserved at all costs. A death sentence gives no chance of repentance and reformation. Nor does it give any noble message to the people at large. Man is no animal and he has the capacity to be reformed through choosing a right path. Sometimes his anger overpowers him and due to that
he commits sinful activities. But when he repents, it is all over by then. I am of the opinion that such a person must be given a chance to improve his lost status through repentance. This never means that his crime should go unpunished. But he should be given a chance to reform. Capital punishment is no remedy.
Thank you all.
Against the Motion
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends I, Anupam, stand before you to speak against the motion on ‘Capital punishment has no place in a civilized society’. I am of the opinion that if someone has fallen so low in the human scale that he is no more an animal. He commits crime like animals. Naturally he must be dealt with those measures that domesticate animals. Secondly, I find that when man has fallen so low,
he can’t leave his animalism at any cost. In this way, he loses all chances of reformation. I find, honourable judges that he has no right to live in the human society. He simply becomes a danger to other peace-loving citizens of his society. My knowledgeable friend has stated that a man who has tasted the blood has the possibility
of reforming himself. But I would ask him, can a beast of prey change into a non-preying beast? Never, honourable judges. Such persons should be dealt with the laws of nature or the famous one: ‘eye for an eye’. The most important thing is the presence of ear in the human beings before going criminal. In the middle-east countries crimes are simply non-existent because of this fear. And capital punishment is that instrument of causing fear in the minds of the people. With them we can maintain a crime-free society.
Thank you all.
Q.3 Write a debate in about 150-200 words on the topic ‘ Mall Culture in Cities have a Positive Aspect for Teenagers’
Mall Culture in Cities - Positive Aspects
For the Motion
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends
I, Zeeshan, stand before you to speak for the motion on the topic ‘Mall Culture in Cities have a Positive Aspect for Teenagers’. Shopping malls are becoming integral part of cities. Every corner of a city has at least one shopping mall in it. They are fast emerging as new hallmark of new development. Teenagers love to visit malls with their friends and family. Air-conditioned atmosphere provides a big relief from sweltering heat one has to face while shopping in markets in summers. The neat and clean, safe and secure building helps teenagers to forget the stress and pressure of schools and colleges enjoy free time in a relaxed way. Shopping malls help teenagers to shop for anything under the sky under one roof. All their favourite things like Junk Jewellery, latest DVD, newly released books all are available there. They can take electronic item of any brand without caring about bargaining as the
articles sold in malls are of quality brands with fixed price tags. Window shopping, the best way to learn about latest products in market is best done in malls. Teenagers with their peer are seen window shopping at showrooms of famous brands there.
Shopping malls also provide perfect place to give and enjoy parties McDonalds, Pizzahuts, KFC and many such eating joints have their outlets in malls. It is becoming a new trend among teenagers to celebrate birthdays, friendship days and many such occasion in the company of whole gang of their friends in shopping malls.
Shopping malls with their movie theatres provide another way of enjoying holidays with friends and family. One can watch latest movie in cool and relaxed atmosphere of such theatres. Thus shopping malls are emerging as the most favourite place for teenagers to hang around in the company of their loved ones without worrying about heat or hunger.
Against the Motion
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends
I, Zeenia, stand before you to speak against the motion on the topic ‘Mall Culture in Cities have a Positive Aspect for Teenagers’. Mushrooming of shopping malls in every nook and corner of cities is becoming a nuisance for common people. Teenagers suffer most because of increasing mall culture in cities.
Everything about malls is detestable. Their imposing structure and lucrative exterior symbolise the superficiality of city life with increasing materialistic outlook of its people. They seem to be blot on social growth of people. Youngsters, especially teenagers spend their valuable and hard earned money of their parents in malls. Shopping malls are harmful for health of the visitors. The air inside the malls is due to its
being air-conditioned without proper ventilation. The air inside it contains fumes from its eating joints besides breathed out air of the crowd there.
Shopping malls are heavy on the purse also. Most of the showroom in malls charge higher prices in comparison to those in open markets as they have to pay higher rents. It costs many times more to watch movies or buy things here. Shopping malls encourage western culture among teenagers. They get lured by the
glossy advertisements about the eating joints there and want to give parties in them instead of at home. They thus, harm teenagers as they get away from Indian values like partying at home with parents. To conclude, one can say it emphatically that today's teenagers under the bad influence of western culture , encouraged by malls, spend their valuable time and hard earned by roaming around aimlessly and many a times anonymously in malls in the name of window shopping. They want to show off to their friends their spending powers and western outlook at the cost of time and money.
Q.4 Write a debate in 150-200 words on the topic ‘Relevance and Desirability of Coaching Centres’.
RELEVANCE AND DESIRABILITY OF COACHING CENTRES
For the Motion
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends
Today I, Sumit, stand before you to speak for the motion on ‘Relevance and Desirability of Coaching Centres’. You’ll see that today’s world is simply of neck-break competitions. Against one seat in a medical or engineering institute there are hundreds of applicants. Herein comes the coaching centre. If a boy or a girl shows very good score in the competitive examination, his or her chances for admission are bright. So I don’t think anything is wrong with these coaching centres. There are many plus points in favour of these centres. The most important is that only the bright, intelligent and deserving students get admission in prestigious and
professional colleges. If average students get into them without any competitive examination, then they’ll not be successful at all in life.
You’ll say that these coaching centres charge very heavily as tuition fees. Then most of them are ‘teaching shops’ and their aim is only to mint money. This can’t be applied onto every coaching centre. A student can choose which coaching centre is suitable for him or seeing his or her paying capacity. A light side is that even in life one needs to be conscious of what’s good or bad for him or her before he or she decides to choose. These centres, indeed, provide coaching in such a way that even an average student can show good results. If it were not so, many of them would already have been closed. So I am of the opinion that they should stay.
Thank you all.
Against the Motion
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends
Today I, Krit Kumar, stand before you to speak against the motion on ‘Relevance and Desirability of Coaching Centres’ in today’s society. My knowledgeable friend has laid down before you some good reasons favouring the desirability of these coaching centres in today’s world. You’ll see yourself that these centres are multiplying day-by-day. Their growth indirectly tells the sad story of school and college education. In direct words, I would say that school and colleges are not functioning as they should. So these coaching centres are there at their cost. I feel that if these educational institutions function in the right spirit, these coaching centres don’t need to be there. For that our teaching fraternity is responsible together with the administration Honourable judges, in my opinion, these coaching centres are teaching shops’ only. These show rosy paths to the unsuspecting students and try to trap them into their net. Then these start making money from them on one count or the other. These are centres for ‘misguiding’ the students. That’s why, many centres disappear overnight when their realities are out. My knowledgeable friend has spoken favourably about prestigious coaching centres.
But their fees are so high that many sstudents can’t afford them. What I want is that those centres which mint money without doing good should be punished. Then school and college education should be improved.
Thank you all.
Unsolved Example :
Q.1 In an inter-school debate competition, you have to speak for the motion, 'Safety of Women Working in Night Shifts is Inadequate.' Draft a debate speech accordingly.
Q.2 The government has banned the use of animals in the laboratories for the purpose of dissection. Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the decision.
Q.3 Some people feel that electronic media (TV news) will bring about the end of print media (newspapers). What are your views on the issue? Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against this view.
Q.4 Draft a debate in favour of or against the motion in not more than 120 words on the topic, “Commercialization of Sports is the urgent need of the hour.”
Q.5 “Boarding schools are better than day schools for the all-round education of a child” is the topic of the Inter House Debate to be conducted at your school. Draft a debate expressing your views either for or against the statement.
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